What is qurbani?
Qurbani is the slaughter of a specific animal under specific conditions and the distribution of its meat, for the sake of Allah. It is one of Islam's important acts of worship and is a sunnah of Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him).
A Qur'anic verse on qurbani
«Their meat will not reach Allāh, nor will their blood, but what reaches Him is piety from you. Thus have We subjected them to you that you may glorify Allāh for that [to] which He has guided you; and give good tidings to the doers of good.»
(Qur'an, Surah Al-Hajj, verse 37)
Who is qurbani obligatory upon?
According to the Hanafi school, qurbani is wajib on a Muslim who meets these conditions:
- Being Muslim
- Being of sound mind and adult age
- Being a resident (not a traveller)
- Owning wealth above the zakat nisab
In the Shafi'i, Maliki and Hanbali schools, qurbani is regarded as a confirmed sunnah.
Conditions of qurbani
- Animal type — sheep, goat, cattle, camel
- Age — sheep at least 1 year, cattle at least 2 years, camel at least 5 years
- Health — blind, one-eyed, lame or severely thin animals are not valid
- Time — starts after Eid prayer, ends at sunset on the third day of Eid
How is qurbani performed?
- The animal is turned towards the Qiblah
- Intention is made: "I sacrifice for the sake of Allah"
- The slaughter is performed saying "Bismillahi Allahu Akbar"
- The meat is divided into three parts: family, relatives, those in need
The hadith on the obligation
"Whoever has the means but does not sacrifice, let him not come near our place of prayer."
(Sunan Ibn Majah, hadith no. 3123)
This hadith underscores the importance of qurbani.
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